" indicates the beginning of "table row".
Each "" indicates a new "table datum".
The "BORDER=1" makes lines between rows and columns. If you leave this
off, which you might in some cases, then the entries will be formatted
in the same way but no lines between. It seems that generally it's
better to _have_ the lines.
Again, browsers do not care how you use "ordinary" linebreaks, so if
you have long or many entries in a "table row" it is ok and even
_preferable_ (for readability) to let them wrap around and put extra
lines between, etc.:
| long 1st entry 1st row | long 2nd entry 1st row
| long 3rd entry 1st row
| | long 1st entry 2nd row | long 2nd entry 2nd row
| long 3rd entry 2nd row
| | even longer 1st entry 3rd row | and longer 2nd entry 3rd
row | 3rd entry 3rd row
|
You can achieve indentation of a chunk of stuff by enclosing it in
tags
The _coolest_ part of the whole business is _links_ from one page to
another. There are two somewhat different sorts, which we might call
"local" and "long distance".
A "local" (or "relative") link is a link to another file that is in the
same directory (or possibly in a subdirectory, etc.) For example, to
link _to_ a file "another.html" from file "firstfile.html", do
click here
The "click here" will occur underlined and in blue, and when you click
on it your browser will take you to "another.html".
If the destination is in a subdirectory "subdir", then the link can be
written as
click here
and so on.
From a stylistic viewpoint, the "click here" is not so good. Rather,
simply do something like
another.html
putting the destination's name in between the tags.
The "non-local" (or "absolute") link has the whole URL of the
destination, such as
another.html
As in the case of all the other tags as well, when the line gets too
long you can choose to break it however you want, since the browser
doesn't care: for example, it would be ok to do
another.html
The only place that linebreaks and extra spaces are _bad_ is if they
interrupt the URL, or other stuff in the tags themselves. For example,
in making a TABLE it would be bad to do
or
It is also possible to make links to and from locations within a
single document. This is _not_ generally a good idea: if the viewer
can get to a spot by "physical" scrolling, they'll have a better
feeling for where they are. By contrast, a link effectively
short-circuits the viewer's sense of location. Nevertheless, here's
how you do it:
Click here
will make "Click here" appear underlined and in blue, and when you
click on it you'll go to the spot where
appears. The " " itself is invisible. One more
time: using a lot of this within a document can really disorient the
reader, and sacrifice the last little bits of "physical" sense that
the viewer has for location within the document.
And it is also possible to make links to specific locations within
_other_ documents, by a combination of the above: the link
click
will take you to the spot in
"http://www.math.umn.edu/~garrett/other.html"
where " #there " appears.
For some modest mathematical purposes superscripts and subscripts can
be achieved by, for example,
x2 y i j
for "x-superscript-2" and "y-sub-i-sub-j". This works about 95% of the
time. In the remaining small fraction of the time (mostly when these
constructions occur at the left margin), the non-subscript/superscript
part gets pulled along with the subscript/superscript, so that "x-sup-2"
might turn into "superscript-x2".
Of some importance, we have _special_characters_. To start,
of course the "<" and ">" should not be used except for the HTML
markup tags. If you want a literal "<", do "<", and if you want ">"
do ">". The pattern is very consistent for these and other special
characters: the special characters begin with an ampersand, and end
with a semi-colon.
There are many "proposed" or "inconsistently supported" characters,
but the ordinary letters with diacritical marks, useful for names in
languages other than English, are pretty consistently supported and
might really matter. The pattern of specification is not so crazy,
either:
À capital A with grave accent
Á capital A with acute accent
 capital A with circumflex
à capital A with tilde
Ä capital A with umlaut
Å capital A with ring
Æ capital AE ligature
Ç capital C with cedilla
È capital E with grave accent
É capital E with acute accent
Ê capital E with circumflex
Ë capital E with umlaut
Ì capital I with grave accent
Í capital I with acute accent
Î capital I with circumflex
Ï capital I with umlaut
Ñ capital N with tilde
Ò capital O with grave accent
Ó capital O with acute accent
Ô capital O with circumflex
Õ capital O with tilde
Ö capital O with umlaut
Ø capital O with slash
Ù capital U with grave accent
Ú capital U with acute accent
Û capital U with circumflex
Ü capital U with umlaut
ß small sz ligature (German)
... and there are the lowercase versions of all these, denoted
analogously by
à lowercase A with grave accent
á lowercase A with acute accent
â lowercase A with circumflex
ã lowercase A with tilde
ä lowercase A with umlaut
å lowercase A with ring
æ lowercase AE ligature
and so on for all the others, also.
Last, we have _comments_: things which will not appear at all in the
HTML. These are of the form
That is, the opening of the comment is left-angle, exclamation,
hyphen, hyphen, and the closing is space, hyphen, hyphen, right-angle.
There is a minor peculiarity that the closing "-->" oughtn't appear at
the left margin, or some browsers will get confused.
********** The End ***********
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