Cross product examples

Example 1

Calculate the cross product between a = (3,-3, 1) and b = (4, 9, 2).

Solution: The cross product is

a × b = || i   j  k  ||
||           ||
| 3  - 3 1  |
| 4  9   2  |
= i(-3 2 - 1 9) - j(3 2 - 1 4) + k(3 9 + 3 4)
= -15i - 2j + 39k

Example 2

Calculate the area of the parallelogram spanned by the vectors a = (3,-3, 1) and b = (4, 9, 2).

Solution: The area is a × b. Using the above expression for the cross product, we find that the area is √ --2----2-----2
  15 +  2 + 39 = 5√ ---
  70.

Example 3

Calculate the area of the parallelogram spanned by the vectors a = (3,-3, 1) and c = (-12, 12,-4).

Solution:

a × c = ||  i     j   k  ||
||               ||
|  3    - 3  1  |
| - 12  12  - 4 |
= (0, 0, 0)

The magnitude of the zero vector is zero, so the area of the parallelogram is zero. What happened?